To properly care for Phalaenopsis orchids (moth orchids), special attention should be given to the following aspects:

1. Light
   Phalaenopsis orchids prefer diffused light and should be protected from direct sunlight. It’s best to place them in a bright spot with indirect light, such as a shaded area near a window. If the light is too intense, the leaves may turn yellow; if the light is insufficient, the plant may grow slowly and have difficulty blooming.

2. Temperature
   Phalaenopsis orchids thrive in warm environments, with an ideal temperature range of 18°C-28°C. During the day, it’s best to maintain temperatures between 20°C-25°C, while nighttime temperatures can be slightly lower but should not fall below 15°C. A temperature difference between day and night helps encourage blooming.

3. Watering
   The roots of Phalaenopsis orchids are delicate, and overwatering can lead to root rot. Typically, watering once a week is sufficient. Make sure the surface of the growing medium is dry before watering. Use clean water, and avoid letting water accumulate at the bottom of the pot.

4. Humidity
   Phalaenopsis orchids prefer high humidity, ideally between 50%-70%. If the indoor air is too dry, you can increase humidity by misting the plant or using a humidifier.

5. Ventilation
   Good ventilation helps prevent pests and diseases. However, be careful not to expose the orchid to strong drafts, as this can damage the leaves and flowers.

6. Fertilizer
   Phalaenopsis orchids don’t require much fertilizer. You can apply liquid fertilizer once a month. During the growing season, choose a balanced nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizer, and during the blooming period, opt for one higher in phosphorus and potassium. When fertilizing, avoid direct contact between the fertilizer and the leaves or roots to prevent burning.

7. Repotting
   Phalaenopsis orchids can be repotted every two years, usually in spring or after flowering. Choose a well-aerated medium such as bark chips or moss. When repotting, prune any rotten or aging roots.

8. Pest and Disease Control
   Phalaenopsis orchids are prone to scale insects and spider mites. If pests are detected, you can spray the plant with soapy water or use specialized insecticides. Maintaining proper ventilation and humidity levels can also help prevent pest infestations.

9. Post-Flowering Care
   After flowering, you can trim off the wilted flower spikes. If the spike is still green, cut it back to the second or third node from the base, which may encourage a second bloom.

By following these guidelines, you can ensure that your Phalaenopsis orchid grows healthily and blooms beautifully every year.